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Activity 13

Gas Mileage

Topic Area: One-way Analysis of Variance

NCTM Standards:

• Develop and evaluate inferences and predictions that are based on data

• Use simulations to explore the variability of sample statistics from a

known population and to construct sampling distributions (9-12)

• Understand how sample statistics reflect the values of population

parameters and use sampling distributions as the basis for informal

inference (9-12)

Objective

The students will be able to complete a one-way analysis of variance using

sample data.

Introduction

For data that there is more than one level of the independent variable, students

cannot perform a t-test. An Analysis of Variance can be used in this case. In this

activity, the students will use a one-way analysis of variance because there is only

one independent variable, the model type.

An ANOVA makes several assumptions about the data:

• The scores are normally distributed, though it allows for violations of

this assumption and can be helpful even when the data is not distributed

normally.

• The population variances of the groups are the same, and as long as the

group sizes are the relatively the same, violations of this do not cause huge

errors in the results.

• The observations are independent of one another.

The null hypothesis for this activity will be that the mean for each model

compact SUV is the same. In doing this analysis, the students should be able to

see whether the means of the three models are statistically the same. If the null

hypothesis is rejected, the student cannot say that the three means are the same.

The students should be familiar with the following vocabulary:

Analysis of variance (ANOVA)

Average

Getting Started

For this activity you will need the Casio fx-9750G Plus graphing calculator

and the sample set of data. You may want the students to calculate these values

themselves and then check with the calculator.

Teaching Notes

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Casio STAT 2 Manual de usuario Pagina 71